The Magpies' loss came after a stunning third quarter which saw them come from 42 points down at half time and take a three point lead at the final change.
Port outscored the Bulldogs eight goals-to-one in the third term, after only managing half that amount in the first two quarters.
The loss is the Magpies' second in a row and came after a disappointing first half, where the side was outplayed in almost every aspect of the game and was held to just three goals in an hour of football.
Tom Logan starred in the midfield and throughout half back to inspire the epic comeback and finished with 40 disposals and two goals.
His effort was a highlight for the Maggies after its trademark running game was stifled by the Bulldogs' early pressure.
Central District continued its dominance in the second term and piled on three goals in a row to lead by 41 points midway through the second term.
The Bulldogs were held to just one goal and with less than a minute to go in the third term, Sam Gray nailed his third and Port Adelaide's eighth for the quarter to put the side three points in front at the final break.
Central District then managed to push their lead out again to 21 points, but the Magpies worked hard to ensure the margin did not get out of hand and again battled back into the match.
A quick goal to Nathan Krakouer and another to Anthony Biemans put the Magpies three points ahead at the 25-minute mark.
But after about half a dozen stoppages, the ball was booted into the Dogs forward line and the umpire blew the whistle signalling a Central free kick.
Jenner lined up just inside 50 and slotted his second as the siren sounded to end the game.
Port Adelaide senior coach Garry Hocking told portadelaidefc.com.au he was disappointed his charges only managed to attack the game after half time.
"I wasn't happy at all," Hocking said.
"It was very disappointing and we just didn't rock up to play.
"We went back to probably disrespecting the competition a bit.
"We played a bit cute with no real pressure and it was disappointing it took us until after half time to switch on.
"We had a good three quarter, but that pressure, that ball movement and that intensity should be there right from the start.
"They are a young group and they have to take everything out of today's game and learn from it."
Port Adelaide still remains one game clear atop the ladder and will return to Alberton Oval on Sunday 17 August 17 for its clash against Norwood.
SCOREBOARD
PORT ADELAIDE 1.3 3.5 11.6 15.11 (101)
CENTRAL DISTRICT 5.3 10.5 11.9 16.8 (104)
PORTADELAIDEFC.COM.AU'S BEST
Logan, Summerton, S Gray, Ah Chee, Krakouer
GOALS
S Gray 3, Biemans, Hitchcock, Krakouer, Logan 2, Amon, Bruggermann, Newton, Shaw
INJURIES
TBC
REPORTS
Nil
